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Computer systems dedicated to specific functions within larger systems
Computing Everywhere
Embedded systems are specialized computers designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems. Unlike general-purpose computers, they're optimized for specific tasks—often with real-time constraints, low power requirements, and direct hardware interaction. They power everything from cars to appliances to medical devices.
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Arduino, ESP32, STM32
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C/C++ programming
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Real-Time Operating Systems
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GPIO, I2C, SPI, UART
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Low-power design
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JTAG, oscilloscopes
Embedded systems development differs from traditional software. Developers must consider hardware constraints (limited memory, processing power), real-time requirements (responding within microseconds), power consumption (battery-operated devices), and reliability (no crashes in critical systems). Programming is often done in C/C++ with direct hardware manipulation.
Master microcontrollers, firmware, and hardware interfacing.